高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 之 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的講解與練習(xí)
一、一般將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):
1.will / shall be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞
2.be going to be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞
二、一般將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：表示對(duì)將來(lái)事件的看法、猜測(cè)或了解，或?qū)?lái)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。
e.g.One day all the work will be done by machines.
三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句型：
1、肯定句:主語(yǔ) will be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 by 賓語(yǔ) 其他
e.g.The computer will be used by me tonight.
2、否定句:主語(yǔ) will not be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 by 賓語(yǔ) 其他
e.g.The computer will not be used by me tonight.
3.一般疑問(wèn)句: Will 主語(yǔ) be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 其他?
e.g.Will the computer be used by you tonight?
4.特殊疑問(wèn)句:What/Where/When will( 主語(yǔ)) be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 其他?(注意主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞的位置，可能會(huì)根據(jù)特殊疑問(wèn)詞的不同進(jìn)行互換或者省略。)
e.g.When will the computer be used by you?
四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)如是“不帶to的不定式”，在變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，要加上to。一般常見的是使役動(dòng)詞make/ have/ let sb. do sth.及感官動(dòng)詞see /hear/ feel/ notice sb. to do sth.。
e.g.They heard a girl sing in the next room.
→A girl was heard to sing in the next room (by them).
跟蹤練習(xí)
一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.The motorway _____ for three days.(close)
2.The museum _____by the Queen.(open)
3.One day English _____ everywhere.(speak)
4.This job _____ in a few days.(finish)
5.Your room _____ while you're out.(clean)
6.Your tickets _____ to you next week.(send)
答案：will be closed; will be opened; will be spoken; will be finished; will be cleaned; will be sent
二、寫出將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)式的否定句和疑問(wèn)句。
1.The football match _____ on Saturday.(play)
When _____ it _____ on Sunday?(play)
2.The visitors _____to the hotel by bus.(take)
—How _____ they _____ there? (take) —By taxi.
答案：1.won’t be played; will be played 2. won’t be taken; will be taken
附：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方式2
4.保持短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完整性：對(duì)于短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)保持其完整性，不可遺漏介詞或副詞
e.g.We worked out a practical plan.
→A practical plan was worked out.
5.含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主動(dòng)句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主動(dòng)句在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，常用形式主語(yǔ)it替代被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，變?yōu)椤癐t be 過(guò)去分詞 原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，有的還可變?yōu)椤皊b./sth. Be 過(guò)去分詞 to do結(jié)構(gòu)”。
e.g.They say Marry is a kind but strict teacher.
→It is said that Mary is a kind but strict teacher.
→Mary is said to be a kind but strict teacher.
6.祈使句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
祈使句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)分為肯定形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和否定形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種?？隙ㄆ硎咕涞谋粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“Let 賓語(yǔ) be 過(guò)去分詞”；否定祈使句的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“Don't let 賓語(yǔ) be 過(guò)去分詞”或“Let 賓語(yǔ) not be 過(guò)去分詞”。
e.g.Keep the book where it is.
→Let the book be kept where it is.
7.雙重被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
當(dāng)某一人或物成為兩次動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)對(duì)象時(shí)，要用雙重被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
e.g.Teachers often require their students to do too much homework.
→The students are often required to do too much homework.
→Too much homework is often required to be done by the students.
