so…that…與such…that…的區(qū)別(such. that和so…that的區(qū)別)
今天我們要梳理的是such和so的區(qū)別:兩者都可以用來表示“如此;這樣”,但用法不同。
總的來說,such是形容詞,用來修飾名詞;so是副詞,用來修飾形容詞或副詞。如:
- She is such a diligent student. 她是個(gè)如此勤奮的學(xué)生。
- She is so diligent a student. 她是個(gè)如此勤奮的學(xué)生。
當(dāng)然,兩者的區(qū)別遠(yuǎn)不止如此。我們接著往下看:
一、當(dāng)修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí)
(一)當(dāng)修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)
單數(shù)名詞前有不定冠詞與形容詞時(shí),so和such的位置不同。
- so的用法:so+形容詞+a/an+名詞
- such的用法:such+a/an+形容詞+名詞
如:她真是個(gè)聰明的孩子。
- She is so clever a girl.
- She is such a clever girl.
(二)當(dāng)修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)
此時(shí),一般只能用such。如:
- I can’t stick them at any price; they are such frumps. (我無論如何受不了她們,她們太守舊。)
(三)當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞有形容詞修飾時(shí)
當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞被形容詞修飾時(shí),只能用such。如:
- That thief has such clever hands. She steals things in such an artistic way. (那個(gè)小偷的技巧相當(dāng)了得,偷東西的方式是如此高明。)
二、當(dāng)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)
當(dāng)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),只能用such。如:
- It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather. (在這麼惡劣的天氣里出去太荒唐。)
三、特殊情況
(一)
如果名詞前有表示數(shù)量多少的many、much、few、little等修飾詞時(shí),只能用so。如:
- Stress can be the undoing of so many fine players. (緊張可能是這許多優(yōu)秀選手失敗的原因。)
- Don’t make so much fuss over losing a penny. (別為丟了一便士大驚小怪的。)
- Why there are so few insect species in the sea? (為何海洋中的昆蟲種類如此稀少?)
- He felt ashamed of having done so little work. (他為沒做多少工作而感到慚愧。)
(二)
當(dāng)little表示“小”的意思用來修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),近似于small,這時(shí)只能用such。如:
- There were such little children that they couldn’t clean the house. (這些孩子那么小,不能打掃房間。)
四、so…that…與such…that…
在結(jié)果狀語從句中,so…that…和such…that…的主要區(qū)別也在于:so用來修飾形容詞或副詞,而such用來修飾名詞。但兩者都表示“如此…,以至于…”如:
- He was so ill that two nurses attended on him. (他病得那樣重,有兩個(gè)護(hù)士照顧他。)
- He is such a good egg that everyone likes him. (他是一個(gè)大好人,個(gè)個(gè)都喜歡他。)