1、作主語
From the library to the teaching building is about a five minutes' walk.從圖書館到教學(xué)樓大約走5 分鐘的路程。
2、作表語
Are you for the plan? 你贊成這個計劃嗎？
3、作賓語
George gave me until tomorrow. 喬治給我的期限是明天。
Fred came out from behind the tree. 弗雷德從數(shù)后出來。
4、作定語
Amber is a woman of strong character. 安伯是個堅強的女人。
5、作補語
John woke up and found himself in hospital. 約翰醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院。
6、作狀語
I will be free on Monday morning.(時間狀語)
Daisy covered her face with her hands and cried.(方式狀語)
I left home and worked in a big city for the sake of money.(目的狀語)
The tree died from want of water. (原因狀語)
In spite of all his efforts, he still failed.(讓步狀語)
To a great extent, it is not fair.(程度狀語)
關(guān)于介詞短語和短語介詞的區(qū)別：
介詞短語由介詞加介詞賓語構(gòu)成，可以單獨作句子成分。短語介詞是一個相當(dāng)于介詞的詞組，不能單獨作句子成分，其后必須有自己的賓語。如：
There is a big tree in front of the house. in front of 是短語介詞，in front of the house是介詞短語，在句子中作地點狀語。
They came back very early in case of rain. in case of 是短語介詞，in case of rain是介詞短語，在句中作原因狀語。
